Lets talk about knee pain syndrome and the importance of advanced biomechanics in iliotibial band injury.
Understanding knee pain syndrome: Iliotibial band injury
Runner’s syndrome is a condition that affects the iliotibial band, a fibrous tissue located on the outside of the thigh near the knee. This injury, the iliotibial band syndrome pain, may involve inflammation of the associated bursa or the tissue itself, resulting in pain in the lateral region of the knee during or after physical activity.
Iliotibial tract anatomy and its relationship to biomechanics
The iliotibial tract is a key structure in the stability and function of the lower limb. It originates at the top of the tensor fascia latae, which inserts on the anterosuperior iliac spine and iliac crest, descending down the lateral thigh until it attaches to the tibia at Gerdy’s tubercle. Its arrangement allows control of joint mobility at the hip and knee.
Functions of the iliotibial tract
The iliotibial band has several biomechanical functions:
- It acts as a tensor of the fascia lata.
- It contributes to hip abduction and internal rotation.
- It participates in pelvic stabilisation.
- It favours knee extension in the last degrees of movement.
- Slightly contributes to knee and hip flexion from 30 degrees.
Advanced biomechanics in iliotibial tract functioning
Muscle balance is essential to prevent overload in the iliotibial band. This tissue collaborates with the glutes, peroneals, quadriceps (in knee extension), hamstrings and calf muscles (in knee flexion). In contrast, its action is counteracted by the hip adductors and different segments of the quadriceps and hamstrings in different degrees of flexion.
Iliotibial band injury symptoms
Iliotibial band involvement is manifested by a sharp, burning or stabbing pain on the outside of the knee. This discomfort arises during exercise and may persist for several days after the activity. Its frequent occurrence in long-distance runners and cyclists is due to muscular imbalances or errors in running biomechanics.
If the pain appears in experienced athletes after years of practice, it may be due to changes in equipment, technique or musculoskeletal factors that require detailed evaluation.
Causes of running syndrome: Biomechanical factors and common errors
The main causes of this pathology include:
- Alterations in stride: Excessive pronator or supinator support generates compensations in the tibia and femur, increasing the friction of the iliotibial band. It is more common in beginner runners.
- Pronounced varus: The body’s adaptability allows it to tolerate these anatomical variations, so it is not always the main cause.
- Leg dysmetry: Many apparent length differences are the result of lumbar or sacroiliac dysfunction. It is essential to rule out false dysmetria before making adjustments.
- Overtraining: Lack of rest and inadequate progression in training load can trigger this injury. Pain is an indicator that the body needs recovery, and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs can mask the problem rather than solve it.
Iliotibial band syndrome treatments
To address this injury, it is key to analyse any recent factors that may have triggered it, such as:
- Changes in athletic footwear.
- Episodes of infections or drug treatments.
- Falls, ankle sprains or blows.
- Variations in training or introduction of new exercises.
- Muscle strains in the back or other areas of the body.
Correcting biomechanical imbalances and optimising muscle stability is essential for recovery and injury prevention. Working on core, pelvic floor and ankle stability can significantly reduce the risk of developing runner’s syndrome and improve athletic performance.
Advanced treatment at Clínica Gran Alacant
At Clínica Gran Alacant, we have a team specialised in advanced biomechanics for the treatment of runner’s syndrome. By means of a detailed analysis of gait, stride and muscle stability, we design personalised rehabilitation plans.
Our treatments include:
- Advanced biomechanical assessment to detect muscle imbalances.
- Manual therapies and sports physiotherapy techniques.
- Therapeutic exercises focused on postural correction and joint stability.
- Advice on appropriate sports footwear and relapse prevention.
If you suffer from iliotibial band discomfort or are looking to optimise your sporting performance, we invite you to visit us at Clínica Gran Alacant, where we work for your recovery and wellbeing.
